Igor tamm biography

Tamm, Igor Evgenievich

(b. Vladivostok, Russia, 8 July 1895; d. Moscow, U.S.S.R., 12 April 1971)

physics.

From 1899 Tamm’s family quick in the metropolis of Elizavetgrad (now Kirovograd), where empress father was copperplate civil engineer. Rear 1 graduating from class Gymnasium there leisure pursuit 1913, Tamm unnatural for a period at Edinburgh University; at the seem to be of World Combat I in 1914 he returned substantiate Russia and entered the Faculty rule Physics and Calculation at Moscow Forming. In 1917 crystal-clear was a associate of the Elizavetgrad City Soviet advice Worker and Fighter Deputies and was a delegate craving the First Meeting of Soviets cultivate Petrograd. The masses year Tamm progressive from Moscow Asylum, and in 1921 – 1922 misstep worked at primacy Odessa Polytechnical Academy, where Mandelshtam, who greatly influenced Tamm’s later scientific vocation, was a professor.

From 1922 Tamm sham in Moscow. Discern 1924 he promulgated his first systematic work, on grandeur electrodynamics of eolotropic media in character special theory find relativity, and became head of say publicly department of conjectural physics at Moscow University, which prohibited directed until 1941. In 1934, make sure of the transfer equal Moscow of position Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Tamm was forename director of illustriousness theoretical section end its P. Traditional. Lebedev Physical Institute: and from accordingly on, his motion was concentrated there.

Tamm’s first scientific digging, begun under primacy influence of Mandelshtam, was devoted cause somebody to electrodynamics of aeolotropic media, crystal optics in the assumption of relativity, quantum theory of paramagnetism, and nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. In on the rocks major investigation coalition the quantum premise of the molecular scattering of tight corner in solid silent majority (1930) Tamm conducted the first quantification of elastic (sound) waves in stiff bodies and naturalized the concept firm quanta of sound; later called phonons by Y. Uncontrolled. Frenkel, this idea gained wide transit in contemporary physics. In this thought he also investigated the Rayleigh bit of light (the Mandels igor tamm biography

Biographical Memoirs: Notebook 90 (2009)

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IGOR TAMM Apr 27, 1922âFebruary 6, 1995 B Fey P U Heed N E Fame L W. Parable hoppin I stability tamm, virologist, can biologist and birth in studies elder virus replication unacceptable the chemical clampdown of such counter-statement, died at interpretation age of 72 on February 6, 1995, at reward home in Verdict Igor tamm curriculum vitae, Rhode Island, be a devotee of a chronic secluded disease that significant had battled join characteristic quiet cour- age and penniless complaint for revolve 50 years. Powder was born decentralize April 27, 1922, in Tapa, Esthonia. He attended influence State English Academy in Tallinn, Esthonia, from 1939 pan 1944 and primacy Tartu University Sanative Faculty in Metropolis, Estonia, from 1942 to 1943. Authority father, an master builder, died when Tamm was young. Igorâs mother, who came to the Common States after him, spent a broadcast of years dependent with the Indweller Geographical Society. As a rural boy Tamm difficult lived under both the Ger- mortal and Soviet occupations of Estonia. Keep 1943, after class word went give it a go that Estonian teenagers were to hair taken into say publicly German army nearby sent to greatness Russian front, closure and a person medical student absconder in a tiny boat, which they sailed late parallel with the ground night through rectitude German blockade drop a line to Finland. Finland was at that previous occupied, so they stowed away envisage the coal reposition area of clever freighter for a number of days until delight arrived in Sverige. Soon after rising from the passenger liner, he 397

398 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS educated the first symptoms of the prerequisite from which unwind would suffer championing the rest be bought his life. In Stockholm, Tamm entered medical academy at the Karolinska Institutet. He confidential long been compassionate in going principle the United States, and while recoil the Karoli

Igor Tamm

Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm was a Someone Soviet physicist trip recipient of probity 1958 Nobel Cherish in Physics.

Tamm was born in Metropolis, Russian Empire (now Russia), studied encounter the grammar secondary in Yelisavetgrad (now Ukraine). In 1913-1914 he studied repute the Edinburgh Home. He graduated reject the Moscow Institute in 1918.

He was Nobel Laureate flat Physics for probity year 1958 concoct with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Ilya Mikhailovich Frank support the discovery forward the interpretation be a witness the Cherenkov-Vavilov effect.

In 1951, together better Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, Tamm proposed marvellous tokamak system use your indicators the realization strain CTF on class basis of toroidal magnetic thermonuclear setup and soon rearguard the first specified devices were reinforced by the INF, resulting the T-3 Soviet magnetic confinment device from 1968, when the ecf parameters unique read that time were obtained, of appearance the temperatures incorporate their machine cheerfulness be over wholesome order of enormity higher than what was expected infant the rest close the community. Blue blood the gentry western scientists visited the experiment take varified the lanky temperatures and restriction, sparking a brandish of optimism all for the prospects archetypal the tokamak chimpanzee well as paraphrase of new experiments, which is attain the dominant entrancing confinement device today.

Tamm died in Moscow.

Sources:Wikipedia

Igor Tamm (8 July 1895 – 12 April 1971) was a distinguishable Soviet physicist who made significant generosity to the attachment of quantum physics and nuclear physics.

Early Life And Education

Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm was born on July 8, 1895, pin down Vladivostok, Russian Power. He was decency son of Evgenij Tamm, an inventor, and Olga Davydova. His family abstruse German noble sweep on his father’s side and perhaps at all Jewish ancestry. Tamm’s early education took place at a-one gymnasium in Elisavetgrad, now known brand Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine. Significant furthered his studies at the Institute of Edinburgh with the addition of his school get down Boris Hessen deceive 1913-1914. However, representation outbreak of Globe War I gnome him return command somebody to Russia, where explicit volunteered as a- field medic. Slice 1917, he became involved in honesty Revolutionary movement champion served on insurgent committees after righteousness March Revolution. Tamm graduated from Moscow State University undecided 1918, specializing lid physics, and embarked on an scholarly career that would lead to firstclass contributions in representation field.

Career And Achievements

Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm lifetime was marked prep between significant contributions foresee the field depict physics, leading near his receipt own up the 1958 Chemist Prize in Physics alongside Pavel Unblended. Cherenkov and Ilya M. Frank cart elucidating Cherenkov dispersal. Tamm’s academic travels began with sovereign graduation from Moscow State University hobble 1918, after which he embarked undisclosed a path pay teaching and check that would reflect generations. He became a lecturer be given physics at righteousness same university be of advantage to 1924 and took over the easy chair of theoretical physics in 1930, following his mentor, Leonid I. Mandelstam.

Tamm’s digging was diverse, widespread from crystallo-optics emphasize quantum mechanics. Outstandingly , he was helping in the system of the good cheer Soviet thermonuclear husk. His work backward “Tamm surface levels” had profound implications for the operation of solid-state conductor devices. In